Meaho e Mecha ea Carbon Nanotube e nang le Thepa e Kopantsoeng e Fetolang Thepa ea Bona e Hlollang

Li-nanomaterial tse thehiloeng khaboneng tse kang li-nanotubes tsa khabone (CNTs), li-fullerene le graphene lia thahasellisa ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e ikhethang ea 'mele. Phuputso e ncha e hlahloba bokhoni ba li-nanostructures tse kopantsoeng 'me e hlahisa sebopeho se secha sa graphene CNT se kopantsoeng se nang le masoba se nang le thepa ea bohlokoa ea mocheso le ea mechine.

Phuputso ena e bonts'a kamoo thepa ea bohlokoa ea li-heterostructure tse ncha tsa graphene CNT e ka fetoloang kateng ka ho fetola hanyane tlhophiso ea geometri ea CNT le graphene hammoho le li-filler tse fapaneng.

Bokhoni ba ho laola ka nepo ho tsamaisa mocheso le matla a mechini meahong ea graphene CNT hybrid bo etsa hore e be mokhethoa ea tšoanelehang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng, haholo-holo tlhahisong e tsoetseng pele ea lifofane moo boima le matla li leng bohlokoa.

Meaho e menyenyane ea carbon: li-nanotubes tsa carbon, graphene, li-fullerene

Dibopeho tse nyane tsa khabone le metswako ya dibopeho tse ngata tsa khabone tse nyane di sa tswa fuputswa e le bakhethoa ba ka bang teng bakeng sa ditshebediso tse ngata tsa ho lemoha, tsa photovoltaic, tsa antibacterial, tsa polokelo ya matla, tsa sele ya mafura le tsa ntlafatso ya tikoloho.

Meralo e meholo e thehiloeng khaboneng e hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa e ithutoang e bonahala e le CNTs, graphene le fullerenes. Ka lebaka la boholo ba tsona bo bonyenyane haholo, meaho ena e bonts'a thepa e ikhethang ea mocheso, ea mechini, ea elektroniki le ea baeloji.

Dibopeho tse lekantsweng ka hara mefuta ya sub-nanometer di sebetsa ho ya ka melao e ikgethang ya fisiks ya quantum, kahoo di ka sebediswa ho sebedisa diketsahalo tse seng tsa tlhaho tse kang ho kenngwa ha quantum tunneling, superposition ya quantum le ho kenngwa ha quantum.

Li-nanotube tsa khabone ke liphaephe tse entsoeng ka khabone 'me li bophara ba li-nanometer tse 'maloa feela. Li-nanotube tsa khabone li bontša ho tsamaisa motlakase ho tsotehang 'me tse ling ke thepa ea semiconductor.

Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa tsona sa nano le matla a maqhama a covalent a thehiloeng pakeng tsa liathomo tsa khabone, li-nanotube tsa khabone le tsona li na le matla a ho tsikinyeha a phahameng le ho tsamaisa mocheso.

Li-nanotube tsa khabone ke thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, optics le metsoako, 'me li ka nkela likhoele tsa khabone sebaka lilemong tse' maloa tse tlang. Nanotechnology le saense ea thepa le tsona li sebelisa li-nanotube tsa khabone lipatlisisong tsa tsona.

Graphene ke isomer ea carbon ka mokhoa oa lera le le leng la liathomo tsa carbon tse hlophisitsoeng ka sebopeho sa lattice sa mahlakore a mabeli se nang le li-hexagon. 2004 e bone karohano ea pele ea graphene letotong la liteko tsa bo-rasaense Andrew Geim le Konstantin Novoselov Univesithing ea Manchester UK, e ba hapileng Khau ea Nobel ho Fisiks ka 2010.

Lilemong tse mashome ho tloha ka nako eo, graphene e fetohile sesebelisoa se sebetsang sa nanomaterial se nang le matla a ho tensile a phahameng haholo, ponaletso le motlakase o tsamaisang motlakase bakeng sa mefuta e mengata le e fapaneng ea lits'ebetso tsa elektroniki, ho lemoha le mahlale a mang a tsoetseng pele.

llerene ke isomer e 'ngoe ea carbon e tsejoang ka nako e telele. Molek'hule ea eona e na le liathomo tsa carbon tse hokahaneng ka litlamo tse le 'ngoe le tse peli ka har'a letlooeng le ka koaloang kapa la koaloa hanyane. Letlooeng le kopanngoa le lesale la liathomo tse hlano, tse tšeletseng kapa tse supileng.

Limolek'hule tsa Fullerene e ka ba lisekoere tse se nang letho, ellipsoidal, tubular kapa libopeho le boholo bo bong bo bongata. Graphene e ka nkoa e le setho se feteletseng sa lelapa la fullerene, leha e nkoa e le setho sa sehlopha sa eona sa thepa.

Meaho e meholo e kopantsoeng

Ntle le dipatlisiso tse pharaletseng tse entsweng ho utlwisiseng le ho hlalosa dibopeho tsena tsa nano tsa khabone ka bonngoe, bo-rasaense ba ntse ba hlahloba le dibopeho tsa dibopeho tse nyane tse kopantsweng tse pedi kapa ho feta tse nang le sebopeho se le seng.

Ka mohlala,foamli na le thepa e ka fetoloang e li etsang hore li lokele lits'ebetso tse sebetsang joalo ka moralo oa meaho ea sandwich, meralo e lumellanang le lintho tse phelang le moralo oa meaho e matla haholo, e boima bo tlase.

Li-nanofoam tse thehiloeng khaboneng le tsona li sebelisitsoe bongaka ho hlahloba tšenyo ea masapo le e le motheo oa ho nkela lisele tsa masapo sebaka.

Meaho ea mahe a linotši a thehiloeng khaboneng e hlahisoa ka ho kenngoa ha mouoane ka lik'hemik'hale (CVD) le kalafo ea tharollo. Mekhoa ea ho sinta plasma ea spark (SPS) le eona e sebelisitsoe ho sebelisa graphene bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa baeloji le tsa bongaka.

Ka hona, bo-rasaense ba ntse ba batla litsela tsa ho etsa hore meaho ea foam ea khabone ea mahlakore a mararo e tsitse. Lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore likhokahano tse tsitsitseng li hloka ho thehoa pakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea meaho (li-nanotubes tsa khabone, li-fullerene le graphene) e le ho etsa hore thepa ena e tsitse ka ho lekaneng bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso.

Patlisiso e ncha mabapi le dibopeho tse nyane tsa nano

Patlisiso e ncha e entsoeng ke baenjiniere ba mechini Univesithing ea Botekgeniki ea Istanbul Turkey e hlahisa mofuta o mocha oa sebopeho sa nano se kopantsoeng se entsoeng ka ho hokahana ha lik'hemik'hale.

Meaho ea CNT ea graphene e nang le masoba e etsoa ka ho hlophisa graphene ho potoloha CNT ka har'a li-nanoribbon. Litlhophiso tse fapaneng tsa jeometri tsa mekhahlelo ea graphene nanoribbon ho potoloha li-nanotubes tsa carbon (lipaterone tsa sekwere, tse nang le mahlakore a tšeletseng le tsa daemane) li lebisa ho beng ba thepa ba fapaneng ba bonahalang, e leng se bontšang hore ho hlophisoa bocha ha jeometri ho ka sebelisoa ho lokisa meaho e mecha.

Bafuputsi ba fumane, mohlala, hore meaho e kentsweng ka di-fullerene e bontshitse botsitso le matla a ho hatella a bohlokwa ntle le ho senya matla a ho kganna. Tokisetso ya jeometri ya meaho e menyenyane ya khabone le yona e bile le phello e kgolo hodima thepa ya yona ya mocheso.

Bafuputsi ba re dibopeho tsena tse ntjha tsa nano tse kopantsweng di fana ka melemo ya bohlokwa, haholoholo bakeng sa indasteri ya difofane. Dibopeho tse nyane tse nang le dibopeho tsena tse kopantsweng di ka boela tsa sebediswa bakeng sa polokelo ya haeterojene le di-nanoelectronic.